BREAST cancer patients and survivors tend to suffer from a condition called “cancer fog” – and now a University of Southern Queensland study might have uncovered the reason why.
The first-of-its-kind study, published in the journal “The Breast” suggests reduced cerebrovascular function, which refers to blood flow in the brain, could explain why breast cancer survivors experience changes to the way they think, concentrate and remember information – and may also help devise new treatments for cognitive impairments.
Also referred to as “chemo brain” or “brain fog”, cancer fog is a common and deliberating condition that reduces cognitive function in cancer patients, believed to be due to chemotherapy.
Led by biomedical scientist Tahnee Downs, the Blush Cancer Care-supported study compared the cerebrovascular function and cognition of 15 breast cancer survivors and 15 cancer-free women of the same age and body mass index.
The researchers say measuring cerebrovascular function and cognition together was important as they are interrelated.
Participants completed several cognitive tests, while the researchers used a special ultrasound technique called transcranial Doppler ultrasound to measure the brain’s blood vessels’ response to physical stimuli and psychological stimulus.
The results showed that compared to breast cancer-free women, the overall cognitive function of women with breast cancer was 13 per cent lower.
“We’ve known for some time that cognitive impairment, which includes memory loss, attention and processing information, is one of the most common complaints associated with breast cancer and treatments,” Miss Downs said.
“However, studies to date have yet to determine the mechanisms underlying this decline in cognition.
“Our study was significant because it was the first to show that cerebrovascular function and total cognition were lower in breast cancer survivors compared to women without cancer of the same age.
“This indicates that the decline in total cognitive function may be associated with reduced brain blood vessel function”
While more research is required to gain a more conclusive understanding of cancer fog, it seems exercise could help women with breast cancer avoid or manage some of these issues. The study discovered that on average breast cancer survivors reported lower levels of physical activity and higher levels of fatigue – a common side effect of breast cancer treatment.
“Our results suggest that survivors are more fatigued and, as a result, may be reluctant to participate in regular physical activity or exercise, which could further increase this fatigue,” he said.
“My previous research has shown that exercise can significantly improve brain health in older adults with metabolic syndrome and reduce the risk of cognition decline. “Cognition is one of the most demanding functions of the brain.”
